WASHINGTON — The Federal Reserve Board on Friday released the highly anticipated results of the 2025 Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF), providing the public, economists, and policymakers with a comprehensive and detailed look into the economic condition, financial health, and wealth distribution of American families.

The comprehensive dataset offers a representative picture of what American households own, how and how much they borrow, and the various ways they interact with the banking system. Conducted every three years since 1989, this flagship survey serves as a vital economic barometer, providing an extensive time series of thorough information that tracks the shifting financial realities of families across the United States. Alongside the release of the raw survey data, the Board issued its official summary report, titled Changes in U.S. Family Finances from 2022 to 2025. This accompanying document closely examines how key financial metrics—including household income, overall net worth, accumulated assets, outstanding debt, and general financial vulnerability—have evolved over the triennial period.

The Survey of Consumer Finances is widely regarded by economists, researchers, and government officials as the premier source of information on household wealth and debt in the United States. Unlike other economic indicators that may focus solely on aggregate national figures or specific subsets of the population, the SCF provides an integrated view of the balance sheets of American families. It captures the complex interplay between assets such as real estate, retirement accounts, and business equity, alongside liabilities like mortgages, student loans, credit card balances, and auto loans. By capturing these dynamics every three years, the survey allows policymakers to evaluate the long-term impacts of economic shocks, monetary policy shifts, and broader structural changes in the economy on everyday citizens.

The newly published data and its accompanying summary report arrive at a critical juncture for the U.S. economy, as households navigate ongoing economic adjustments, fluctuating interest rate environments, and shifting labor market conditions. The insights derived from the 2025 survey enable analysts to observe whether wealth disparities have widened or narrowed, how different demographic groups are managing their debt loads, and the extent to which American families have been able to build or preserve their financial buffers against unforeseen hardships.

To make the vast amount of data accessible to a broad audience, the Federal Reserve Board has accompanied the main report with a suite of digital resources. An interactive chartbook displaying changes in these financial characteristics over time has been made available to the public online, allowing users to visualize trends across different economic indicators. Furthermore, extensive microdata and supplementary documentation examining a wide array of other economic conditions affecting American families have been released for academic researchers, financial analysts, and policymakers who wish to conduct deeper, independent studies of the dataset.

The rigorous methodology behind the Survey of Consumer Finances ensures that the findings accurately reflect the diverse economic realities of the United States. The survey is conducted on behalf of the Board by NORC at the University of Chicago, a renowned social science research organization. Participants in the study are chosen through a scientifically rigorous, random sampling procedure designed to capture a representative cross-section of the population. Households are drawn from 119 distinct geographic areas, encompassing bustling metropolitan centers as well as remote rural counties across the country. This careful sampling framework ensures that the resulting data accounts for geographic diversity, varying costs of living, and the distinct economic experiences of families residing in different regions of the nation.

For media inquiries regarding the 2025 Survey of Consumer Finances, the Federal Reserve Board has directed interested parties to contact media representatives via email at [email protected] or by telephone at (202) 452-2955.